Immunotherapy is an open access rapid peer reviewed journal. It is a bimonthly journal.  Below we discuss about Allergen immunotherapy Types and side effects.

Allergen immunotherapy, also known as desensitisation or hypo-sensitization, is a medical procedure for allergies and asthma caused by environmental factors such as insect bites. Immunotherapy entails exposing patients to increasing levels of allergen in order to alter their immune system's response.

Injections of allergens under the skin have been shown to be successful in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in children and asthma in meta-analyses. After care, the advantages can last for years. For allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic causes of asthma, and stinging insects, it is usually safe and reliable.

Types

• Subcutaneous
• Sublingual
• Oral
• Transdermal

Subcutaneous

Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) also known as allergy shots, is a traditional method of administration that involves injections of allergen extract by a medical professional. Subcutaneous immunotherapy procedures usually include weekly injections during the build-up process, followed by monthly injections for 3–5 years during the maintenance phase

The patient is given injections containing increasing quantities of allergens one to two days a week during the build-up process. The duration of the build-up process varies depending on how often injections are given, but it usually lasts three to six months.

Sublingual

Sublingual immunotherapy involves placing allergen extracts in the form of drops or a tablet under the tongue, which are then absorbed through the mouth's lining. Sublingual immunotherapy has been shown to reduce the effects of rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma. However, the efficacy varies depending on the form of allergen.

Anaphylaxis has been reported in a limited number of cases. The majority of side effects are local meaning they only last a few days which includes Swelling of the mouth, tongue, or lip tongue or lip, throat irritation, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, heartburn, and uvular edema.

Oral

Oral immunotherapy (OIT) entails gradually increasing the volume of a food allergen fed to an allergic person in order to increase the level at which a reaction occurs. Oral immunotherapy, on the other hand, has been linked to an increased risk of requiring epinephrine in patients who take it.

Transdermal

Transdermal immunotherapy (TDIT) involves skin-induced suppression via Epicutaneous (EC) application of an antigen in order to raise the threshold which triggers a reaction.

Side effects

The majority of side effects associated with sublingual immunotherapy treatment are minor and can sometimes be avoided by changing the dose. Anaphylaxis has occurred during sublingual immunotherapy care on a few occasions.

Mild to moderate skin or respiratory reactions are possible side effects of subcutaneous immunotherapy treatment for asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Severe side effects such as anaphylaxis during subcutaneous immunotherapy treatment is relatively uncommon.

Immunotherapy: Open Access   is an open access rapid peer reviewed journal in the field of treatment procedures. Journal announces papers for the upcoming issue. Interested can submit their manuscript through online portal.

Submit manuscript at https://www.longdom.org/submissions/immunotherapy-open-access.html or send as an e-mail attachment to the Editorial Office at immunotherarpy@longdomjournal.org

Media contact:

Eliza Grace

Managing Editor

Immunotherapy: Open Access

Mail ID: immunotherarpy@longdomjournal.org